本記事ではIELTS のライティングTASK2 のサンプルエッセイ(解答例)を紹介します。長時間労働の背景と付随する問題についてです。
1 サンプルエッセイ
Topic:
Many people are working longer hours. Why is this happening? What problems can this cause to people?
You should write at least 250 words.
Essay:
Modern companies are fraught with workaholics who are willing to work longer hours than their managers expect. From my perspective, a competitive mindset is a catalyst of this phenomenon. This precipitates social conundrums, such as lower birth rates in many countries and the increasing number of lifestyle-disease patients.
To begin with, individuals cannot stop competing with others once a competitive mindset occupies their core values. They tend to hold an adamant view that being promoted in a company means they are superior to others. Thus, to demonstrate their values, they strive to work harder until they outperform all the other colleagues. To give you an example, having achieved the best sales record in this company, a top-sales person feels elated and commits to working the hardest next year. He cannot accept losing the competition as it means losing his identity. Therefore, they are working hard to demonstrate their values.
The increasing number of workaholics is one of the primary reasons for the lower birth-rate prevalent across the globe. Parenting could be an anathema to them as it is demanding and distracts them from focusing on their jobs. To illustrate this, for a work-oriented father, he might conclude that parenting time is not productive and could be better utilized by working. Furthermore, workaholics are more likely to develop lifestyle diseases. This is because they sacrifice sleep for working and are likely to have addictions to alcohol or cigarettes to distract themselves from fatigue and everlasting stress.
To summarize, in my opinion, those who are obsessed with the competitive nature of the workplace cannot stop working in order to get ahead of their colleagues and demonstrate their work ethic. This mindset brings negative outcomes in terms of maintaining a sufficient birth-rate and mental and physical health.
2 エッセイの構成について
今回のエッセイは長時間労働と付随する問題について問われていますの、ボディパラグラフ①で長時間労働が起こる理由を説明し、ボディパラグラフ②で長時間労働に起因する問題について述べます。What problems can this cause to people? とProblems は複数系になっていますので、問題点を二つ以上指摘する必要があります
・Intro
→トピックのパラフレーズと自分の主張の提示。
・Body Paragraph ①
→ main idea : individuals cannot stop competing with others once a competitive mindset occupies their core valuesと競争心が個人のコアバリューを占めている状況では、競争をやめることは出来ないと主張し、その理由について説明。
・Body Paragraph ②
→problem 1: The increasing number of workaholics is one of the primary reasons for the lower birth-rate prevalent across the globe. ワーカホリックは少子化の一因と指摘。
→Problem 2: workaholics are more likely to develop lifestyle diseases. ワーカホリックは生活習慣病になりやすいと指摘。
・Conclusion
→Body paragraphs のパラフレーズ。
3 単語・文法・構文の解説
Synonyms (類義語)の解説
Precipitate
Causeの類義語。意味は「―を引き起こす」
Conundrum
Problemの類義語。意味は「難しい社会問題」
Adamant
Fixed/ Staticの類義語。意味は「頑なな、頑固な」
Demonstrate
Showの類義語。意味は「みせる」
Prevalent
Existing very commonly と同義。意味は「いたるところで見られる」
Anathema
Something strongly disliked と同義。意味は「嫌悪感を抱かせるもの」
Fatigue
Tiredness の類義語。意味は「疲労」
Everlasting
Foreverの類義語。意味は「永遠に続く」
その他エッセイに役立つ便利な英語表現
A continues to be a controversial topic
A は物議を醸す話題であり続けている。
From my perspective, / In my opinion,
私の考えでは、
Maintain
Firmly express one’s opinion と同義。意味は「強く主張する」
Aver
Say something is certainly trueと同義。意味は「―は正しいと強く主張する」
To begin with,
Firstly と同義
I espouse the former ( or the latter )
私は前者（後者）を支持する。Espouse はSupportのFormalな表現。
To summarize,
まとめると、
Work ethic
ハードワークは価値のあることで、労働者は主体的にハードワークすべきという考え。
＠最後に
本記事ではIELTS TASK2 のサンプルエッセイを紹介しましたが、皆様の学習にお役に立ちましたら嬉しく思います。また、コメントを頂けましたら、解説を増やすこともできますので、お気軽にコメント下さい。
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